Social Movements in Pakistan: Struggles of Identity, Equality, and Justice
Journal: Asian Affairs
The history of civilizations, experiences of colonialism, and modern life all contribute to a complex social situation in Pakistan, marked by conflicts across identities related to class, caste, ethnicity, gender, and religion (Fenech and McLeod 2014). (Hussain 1976; 1979) . For example, the landed elite supported the emerging urban industrial class, infiltrated the political elite, and collaborated with the profess…