Home › Scale Atlas › Psychology: Emotion & Wellbeing › Positive and Negative Affect Schedule (PANAS)

Positive and Negative Affect Schedule (PANAS)

Psychology: Emotion & Wellbeing1 sample item

About this scale

Affect refers to whether you feel emotionally in a positive or negative mood. An often used measure of both positive and negative affect is the Positive and Negative Affect Schedule PANAS (Watson, Clark, and Tellegen, 1988) . The PANAS scale gives a score for positive and negative affect between 10 and 50 points. In the original study with American undergraduates, the average positive affect (for the moment) was 29.7, and the average negative affect was 14

Sample item(s)

“Survey code includes 27 item lines. Open PsyToolkit to review wording and permissions.”

Notes

Psychology field scale. Check the PsyToolkit page and original paper for use rights before fielding.

Source & citation

PsyToolkit survey library page with background, links, and references.

link to PDF here

Source. Scale details are summarised from the publication cited above. Always consult the original source for the full item set, scoring, and permission to use.

Use it in your research

Need to check the reliability or psychometrics of this scale in your own data? Use the free DrAIStudio research tools:

Cronbach’s alpha calculator All statistical calculators Search the full Scale Atlas Academic writing humanizer

Related scales in Psychology: Emotion & Wellbeing

Related Psychology: Emotion & Wellbeing scales