Chronotype: Circadian Energy Scale (CIRENS)
Psychology: Mental Health1 sample item
About this scale
People differ in whether they are more of a morning or an evening person. Many people are neither. What you are in this respect is your chronotype . In daily life, morning types are also known as early birds and evening types night owls .
Sample item(s)
“Survey code includes 8 item lines. Open PsyToolkit to review wording and permissions.”
Notes
Psychology field scale. Check the PsyToolkit page and original paper for use rights before fielding.
Source & citation
Reference to the original MEQ: Horne and Ostberg (1976). A self-assessment questionnaire to determine morningness-eveningness in human circadian rhythms. International Journal of Chronobiology, 4 , 97–110. | Ottoni, G.L., Antoniolli, E., & Lara, D.R. (2011). The Circadian Energy Scale (CIRENS): Two Simple Questions for a Reliable Chronotype Measurement Based on Energy. Chronobiology International, 28 , 229-337. | Ana Adan, Simon N. Archer, Maria Paz Hidalgo, Lee Di Milia, Vincenzo Natale & Christoph Randler (2012) Circadian Typology: A Comprehensive Review, Chronobiology International, 29:9, 1153-1175, DOI: 10.3109/07420528.2012.719971 | Jones, S.E., Lane, J.M., Wood, A.R. et al. Genome-wide association analyses of chronotype in 697,828 individuals provides insights into circadian rhythms. Nat Commun 10, 343 (2019). https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-018-08259-7 | Kim, K.M., Han, S.M., Heo, K. et al. Sex differences in the association between chronotype and risk of depression. Sci Rep 10, 18512 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-020-75724-z . Open access
chronotype
"Chronos"
Morningness-Eveningness Questionnaire (MEQ)
Source. Scale details are summarised from the publication cited above. Always consult the original source for the full item set, scoring, and permission to use.
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