Group Environment Questionnaire (GEQ)
HR & WorkReliability: alphas 0.65–0.78 across 4 facets3 sample items
About this scale
An 18-item measure of group cohesion in sport across four facets: group integration-task (GI-T), group integration-social (GI-S), individual attractions to group-task (ATG-T), individual attractions to group-social (ATG-S).
Sample item(s)
“Our team is united in trying to reach its goals for performance (GI-T)”
“Members of our team would rather go out on their own than get together as a team (GI-S, reverse)”
“I'm happy about the amount of playing time I get (ATG-T)”
Reliability
Reported internal consistency: alphas 0.65–0.78 across 4 facets. As a rule of thumb, Cronbach’s α ≥ .70 is considered acceptable, ≥ .80 good, and ≥ .90 excellent for established measures.
Notes
Most cited sport-cohesion measure.
Source & citation
Carron, A. V., Widmeyer, W. N., & Brawley, L. R. (1985): The development of an instrument to assess cohesion in sport teams: The Group Environment Questionnaire. Journal of Sport Psychology, Vol. 7, No. 3, pp. 244–266.
Source. Scale details are summarised from the publication cited above. Always consult the original source for the full item set, scoring, and permission to use.
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